brick, masonry, mortar

"The history of clay brick is as long as it took human beings realise that in the magical combination of earth, air, fire and water, they had at their fingertips a unique and durable building medium. Sun-dried bricks go back to at least 13 000 BC, though kiln-fired bricks were first produced during the Bronze Age - around 3 000 B C.

Less than a year from the arrival of Van Riebeeck at the Cape, the first kiln of ˇ°hard, red Cape Bricksˇ± was fired. By the time of the first British occupation in 1795, the clay brick tradition in Southern Africa was well established.

In Europe there are brick buildings still standing that date back to the 12th century - over 8000 years old. Modern brick-making techniques produce bricks that are even more durable. When you build in clay brick, you build to last - for centuries." by Clay Brick Association

"Brick veneers pose a special challenge in wall design and performance because they are reservoir cladding systems. When they get wet from rain, they act like a reservoir or sponge. The wet bricks can then get heated above the ambient temperature by solar radiation, creating a powerful inward-acting concentration gradient and thermal gradient. These gradients are exacerbated by air conditioning (cooling and dehumidifying the interior)." (source)

The Brick Industry Association: provides many fundamental information, and latest development.

Tidbits

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1927 Fire Destroyed Tecumseh College

Hanson Brick, a NA supplier

Brick: ASTM C-62, C216, C652 for building brick, facing brick and hollow brisk,

Mortars: ASTM C-270

Durable Masonry- Related Publications - Rehabilitation of Masonry Wall Assemblies, gave several IRC publications

Buildcore - Building product information for Canada

" the Canadian standard in construction and building product information - helping the Canadian building and design community leverage its time and expertise to develop accurate construction documents", 12,000 building products available in Canada




Pathology of building envelopes

Pathology of building envelopes: restoration and durability of masonry construction: resources and bibliography

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Analysis of brick veneer walls on wood frame construction subjected to out-of-plane loads, by Reneckis, D., Lafave, J. M., 2005

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Anchored brick veneer wood frame construction, by Brick Industry Association, 1991

brick veneer on wood frame

Anchored brick veneer wood frame construction, by Brick Industry Association, 1991

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Evaluation and improvement frost durability of clay bricks, by Koroth, S., 1997

frost durability

Evaluation and improvement frost durability of clay bricks, by Koroth, S., 1997

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Full scale tests of brick veneer steel stud walls - strength and rain penetration, by Drysdale, R. G. and Michael J., 1997

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Heat-air-moisture design of masonry cavity walls: theoretical and experimental results and practice, by Hens, H. and Fatin, A.M, 1995

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Hygro-thermal performance of hollow bricks and current standards, by Bondi, P. and Stefanizzi, P., 2001

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Leaking brick-clad walls: causes, prevention, and repair, by Beasley, K.J, 1990

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Manufacturing, classification, and selection of brick - classification, part 2, by BIA, 1989

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Monitoring the hygrothermal performance of a masonry wall with and without thermal insulation, by Maurenbrecher, A. H. P., Rousseau, M. Z., Said, M. N. and Shirtliffe, C. J., 1998

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Overview of building code requirements for masonry structures (ACI 530-02/ASCE 5-02/TMS 402-02) and Specification for Masonry Structures (ACI 530.1-02/ASCE 6-02/TMS 602-02), by BIA, 2002

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Performance prediction for masonry walls with EIFS using calculation procedures and laboratory testing, by Hens, H. and J. Carmeliet, 2002

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Review of factors affecting the durability of repointing mortars for older masonry, by Maurenbrecher, A. H. P., Trischuk, K. J. and Rousseau, M. Z., 2001