Final Report, IEA, annex 23, applying energy storage in buildings of the future
Haghighat, F. (Ed.)
2013
Haghighat, F. (Ed.), (2013), "Final Report, IEA, annex 23, applying energy storage in buildings of the future", .
Abstract:
Sustainable buildings will need to be energy efficient well beyond current levels of energy use. They will need to take advantage of renewable and waste energy to approach ultra-low energy buildings1. Such buildings will need to apply thermal and electrical energy storage techniques customized for smaller loads, more dis-tributed electrical sources and community based thermal sources. Lower exergy heating and cooling sources will be more common. This will require that energy storage be intimately integrated into sustainable building design. Many past appli-cations simply responded to conventional heating and cooling loads. Recent re-sults from low energy demonstrations, distributed generation trials and results from other Annexes and IAs such as Annex 37 of the ECBCS IA, Low Exergy Sys-tems for Heating and Cooling need to be evaluated. Although the ECES IA has treated energy storage in the earth, in groundwater, with and without heat pumps and storing waste and naturally occurring energy sources, it is still not clear how these can best be integrated into ultra-low energy buildings capable of being rep-licated generally in a variety of climates and technical capabilities.
Energy storage has often been applied in standard buildings that happened to be available. The objective was to demonstrate that the energy storage techniques could be successfully applied rather than to optimize the building performance. Indeed the design of the building and the design of the energy storage were often not coordinated and energy storage simply supplied the building demand what-ever it might be.
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