Heat-air-moisture design of masonry cavity walls: theoretical and experimental results and practice
Hens, H. and Fatin, A.M
1995
ASHRAE Trans., v 1, pp. 607-626
cavity wall
Hens, H. and Fatin, A.M, (1995), "Heat-air-moisture design of masonry cavity walls: theoretical and experimental results and practice", ASHRAE Trans., v 1, pp. 607-626.
| Abstract: |
| Brick cavity walls are a traditional type of exterior wall construction in northwest Europe. A traditional section consists of a brick outer leaf, an air cavity, and a masonry inner leaf. Until the early 1970s, no thermal insulation was added. The first oil crisis and subsequent interest in energy conservation, however accelerated the inclusion of a partial or full cavity insulation fill.
During the 1970s and early 1980s, filled cavity walls were checked for three types of performance: U-factor, interstitial condensation, and rain tightness. However these three checks do not cover the whole heat, air, and moisture reality in the wall. One should, in fact, use an array of six performance characteristics: airtightness, U-factor, transient thermal response, hygric and thermal stress and strain, overall moisture balance, and thermal bridging. The subsequent use of these six characteristics shifted interest to air movement in the wall and the consequences for thermal effectiveness and moisture balance.
This paper analyzes experimental results on air perme-ability, the impact of air movement on U-factors and intersti-tial condensation, drying of the outside leaf in the case of partial and full cavity fill, and summer condensation. Ther-mal bridge effects of traditional features are also evaluated. As a conclusion, seven principles for good cavity wall design, deduced from the array of six performance characteristics, are formulated. |
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Related Resources:
 ANSI-- American National Standards Institute
"a private, non-profit organization (501(c)3) that administers and coordinates the U.S. voluntary standardization and conformity assessment system. to enhance both the global competitiveness of U.S. business and the U.S. quality of life by promoting and facilitating voluntary consensus standards and conformity assessment systems, and safeguarding their integrity."
- ASHRAE-American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers
"the sole purpose of advancing the arts and sciences of heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration for the public's benefit through research, standards writing, continuing education and publications."
- Laboratory of Building Physics, Leuven, Belgium
"...research and educational activities in the field of heat and mass transfer in building materials, building parts and buildings, the energy use in buildings, building installations and building acoustics. Also research in urban physics is part of our activities.
- House traditions
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- Journal: ASHRAE Transactions
- Laboratory of Building Physics- Leuven, Belgium
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