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Release of lead-containing particles from a wall enclosure

Harney, J., Trunov, M., Grinshpun, S., Willeke, K., Choe, K., Trakumas, S. and Friman, W.
2000
AIHA Journal, 61(5): 743-752

Harney, J., Trunov, M., Grinshpun, S., Willeke, K., Choe, K., Trakumas, S. and Friman, W., (2000), "Release of lead-containing particles from a wall enclosure", AIHA Journal, 61(5): 743-752.
Abstract:
The 1995 Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Guidelines for the Evaluation and Control of Lead-Based Paint Hazards in Housing discusses using interior and exterior wall enclosures for lead hazard control. Leaded dust may be aerosolized inside enclosures and released through gaps and cracks into a room. The effects of airflow and mechanical disturbances on dust release were studied using a laboratory wall enclosure model with dust collected from homes with lead-based paint hazards. Airflows relevant to residences were blown down the enclosure and out a 4-, 6-, or 8-mm horizontal gap at its bottom, simulating potential enclosure failure. Then, low-frequency mechanical vibrations also were applied to the enclosure. No significant dust release was found when blowing air down the enclosure even at 37 cm/sec (representing extremely high flow); release occurred only with this high flow and 3 Hz mechanical disturbances. Dust was released primarily from the floor area immediately adjacent to the enclosure gap; the release rate fluctuated over time. Most dust initially settled near the enclosure. Dust release for 1 hour at extreme conditions (high airflow with vibration) yields lead loading above the 1995 HUD clearance level of 100 g/ft2 only within 3-4 cm of the wall; for the HUD standard (1 ft2) sampling area, the lead loading does not exceed 30 g/ ft2. Redistributing dust over the room's 16 m2 floor space yields average extreme-condition loading rate of 2 g/ft2/hour. At less-than-extreme conditions, dust would have to be released for years without cleaning to yield a hazard.
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Author Information and Other Publications Notes
Harney, J.
     
Trunov, M.
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Grinshpun, S.
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  3. Bioaerosol collection by a new electrostatic precipitator
  4. Characteristics of airborne actinomycete spores
  5. Collection of airborne microorganisms by a new electrostatic precipitator
  6. Collection of airborne spores by circular single-stage impactors with small jet-to-plate distance
  7. Collection of bioaerosol particles by impaction: effect of fungal spore agglomeration and bounce
  8. Collection of fungal spores on air filters and spore reentrainment from filters into air
  9. Development and evaluation of aerosol generators for biological materials
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Willeke, K.
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  3. Characteristics of airborne actinomycete spores
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  14. Long-term sampling of airbome bacteria and fungi into a non-evaporating liquid
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Choe, K.
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Trakumas, S.
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Friman, W.
     


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