Towards a design environment for buildingintegrated energy systems: the integration of electrical power flow modelling with building simulation
Kelly, N.J.
1998 Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, U
Kelly, N.J., (1998), "Towards a design environment for buildingintegrated energy systems: the integration of electrical power flow modelling with building simulation", Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, U.
Abstract:
Building-integrated energy systems, providing heat and power (photovoltaic building facades and small-scale combined heat and power), are becoming a common feature in building design. However, because of the interdependency of thermal and electrical flows in such systems, building simulation tools cannot model them adequately due to their lack of a power flow modelling capacity. This thesis describes the integration of power flow modelling with a building simulation program, ESP-r, to facilitate the modelling of building-integrated energy sys tems.
ESP-r uses a control volume approach to model a building. This has been expanded to describe the power system, providing a means for its integration into the building model. The electrical system is represented by a network (consistent with the representation of other building subsystem s in ESP-r).
An electrical network solver has been developed and coupled into ESP-r's simulation engine, enabling the integrated solution of thermal and electrical flows in the building. The electrical network solution requires that boundary conditions (power flows) are supplied from the thermal domain of the building, done by co upling ˇ®hybrid' components to the network.
Hybrid components models straddle the thermal and electrical ˇ®worlds', linking the thermal and electrical energy flows. Models have been developed for electrical loads: fans, pumps, lights and small power loads. The hybrid concept has also been used in the development of two power generating component models: a combined heat and power unit and a facade-integrated photovoltaic module. The power generating component models and the electrical solver have been verified using a p ractical testing methodology.
Finally, two exemplars are presented, showing how the model of the building, the electrical network and hybrid components are coupled together to form a complete model of a buildingintegrated energy system. The thesis concludes with recommendations as to the uses of this work and ideas for its fu rther development.
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