Stains in facades' rendering -- Diagnosis and maintenance techniques' classification
Flores-Colen, I., Brito, J. and de_Freitas, V.P.
2008 Construction and Building Materials, 22(3): 211-221
Flores-Colen, I., Brito, J. and de_Freitas, V.P., (2008), "Stains in facades' rendering -- Diagnosis and maintenance techniques' classification", Construction and Building Materials, 22(3): 211-221.
Abstract:
Stains in rendered facades occur very frequently in recent buildings due to various causes (efflorescence, carbonation, corrosion, cracking, dirt deposition, biological colonization and others). Most of the stains are damaging. In an initial stage, these anomalies affect the aesthetics of the fa?ade and, some types of stains, in conjunction with the presence of water, contribute to the physical degradation of the cladding. This paper presents a set of tables and correlation matrixes related with the different types of stains, their possible causes, diagnosis techniques and treatment techniques (in particular, cleaning techniques) aimed at removing the stains from the rendered facades.
de_Freitas, V. P. LFC-Laboratorio de F¨Ēsica das Constru??es, Departamento de Engenharia Civil, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal, vpfreita@fe.up.pt