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Fungi and human disease
A general overview on health concerns, and not necessary in building settings."Humans have a high level of innate immunity to fungi and most of the infections they cause are mild and self-limiting.
This resistance is due to: 1. the fatty acid content of the skin, 2. the pH of the skin, mucosal surfaces and body fluids, 3. Epithelial cell turnover, 4. Normal flora, 5. Transferrin, 6. Cilia of the respiratory tract. When fungi do pass the resistance barriers of the human body and establish infections, the infections are classified according to the tissue levels initially colonized.
A. Superficial mycoses- infections limited to the outermost layers of the skin and hair. B. Cutaneous mycoses- infections that extend deeper into the epidermis, as well as invasive hair and nail diseases.C. Subcutaneous mycoses- infections involve the dermis, subcutaneous tissues, muscle, and fascia. These infections are chronic and are initiated by trauma to the skin. These infections are difficult to treat and may require surgical intervention. D. Systemic mycoses- infections that originate primarily in the lungs and may spread to many organ systems. These organisms are inherently virulent. All but Cryptococcus are dimorphic fungi. E. Opportunistic mycoses- infections of patients with immune deficiencies who would otherwise not be infected. Ex. AIDS, altered normal flora, diabetes mellitus, immunosuppressive therapy, malignancy.
Related links
fungi overview
molds as visible part of fungi
Encyclopeadia Britannica reference of fungi
Encyclopeadia Britannica definitions related to fungi
Mycotoxins in water damaged buildings
Mycology and Building Mycology
Essay: References for mold and fungi studies
More info of this article can be found on the web at:
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