ventilation: infiltration of buildings

infiltration is normally denotes to the air passage inadvent openings through building walls. It's driving forces are wind induced pressure, stack effect, and mechanical ventilation. The term usually includes both the inward air leakage (infiltration) and outward air flow (exfiltration).

IEA Annex 5: AIVC-Air Infiltration and Ventilation CentreGeneral Ventilation AIVC (www.aivc.org/)

The American Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Standard 62-1989 provides guidance on general ventilation and indoor air quality. Recommended ventilation is 15 cubic foot of air per minute (CFM), per person. Typically, this equals a one-third exchange of air per hour in a residential home. Providing the proper air exchanges per hour can be accomplished with exhaust fans, open windows or an air-to-air heat exchanger. An air-to-air heat exchanger exhausts stale indoor air and replaces it with fresh outdoor air. There are two types of air-to-air heat exchangers: heat recovery ventilators (HRV) and energy recovery ventilators (ERV). ERVs are recommended for our climate because they have the capability to remove unwanted moisture during the heating season. These machines can transfer up to 80 percent of sensible and latent heat from the stale moisture-laden air that is exhausted to the incoming fresh air being delivered to the home. Air-to-air heat exchangers can be installed at the time of construction or retrofitted into an existing home.

AIVC publications

"include journals and technical publications as well as a bibliographical and a numerical database in electronic format, and proceedings from previous AIVC conferences."

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A comparison of the power law to quadratic formulations for air infiltration calculations, by Walker, J. S., D. J. Wilson and M. H. Sherman, 1998

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A simple apparatus for the evaluation of air infiltration through building envelope components , by Feldman, D., Stathopoulos, T., Cosmulescu, C. and Wu, H., Meadows D. H. , Meadows D. L. , Randers J. , Behrens III William W., 1998

air leakage control

Air leakage control, by Lux, M.E. and W.C. Brown, 1986

model

Automatically generated zonal models for building air flow simulation: principles and applications, by Musy, M., Winkelmannb, F., Wurtzc, E. and Sergentd, A., 2002

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Basic air infiltration , by Lyberg, M. D., 1997

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Canada Life environmental room, by Ledger, B., 1999

COMIS model on air and pollutant transport in multizone building

COMIS-an international multizone -air-flow and contaminant transport model, by Feustel, H. E., 1999

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Computational analysis of wind driven natural ventilation in buildings, by Evola, G., Popov, V., 2006

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Computer simulation of air infiltration effects on heat transfer in multilayered walls, by Chebil S. , Galanis N. and Zmeureanu R., 2003

ASTM

E1677-95(2000) standard specification for an air retarder (AR) material or system for low-rise framed building walls, by ASTM, 2000

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E283-04, standard test method for rate of air leakage through exterior windows, curtain walls and doors, by ASTM, 2004

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Experimental investigation of the effect of natural convection on heat transfer in mineral wool, by Dyrbol, S., Svendsen, S. and Elmroth, A., 2002

ventilation requirement

Indoor ventilation requirements for manufactured housing, by Burch, D.M, 1991

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Measurement of ventilation efficiency for indoor air quality in office buildings using carbon dioxide as a tracer gas , by Auger, M., 1997

negative indoor pressure dur to ductwork leaks

Mold, a poltergeist, by Wemhoff, P., 2001

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Overview and literature survey of natural and forced convection in attic insulation, by Wahlgren, P., 2007

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Reexamining roof ventilation, by Woods, T., 2000

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Transient natural ventilation of a room with a distributed heat source, by Fitzgeralda, S. D. and Woodsa, A. W., 2007

exfiltration in insulation

Two-dimensional air exfiltration and heat transfer through fiberglass insulation I -- numerical model and experimental facility, by Chen, H., Besant, R. W., and Tao, Y., 1997

use rh to measure ventilation

Using hygroscopic damping of relative humidity and vapour pressure fluctuations to measure room ventilation rates, by Cunningham, M. J., 1994