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Effect of building frame and moisture damage on microbiological indoor air quality in school buildings

Meklin, T., Hyvarinen, A., Toivola, M., Reponen, T., Koponen, V., Husman, T., Taskinen, T., Korppi, M. and Nevalainen, A.
2003
AIHA JOURNAL, 64 (1): 108-116

Meklin, T., Hyvarinen, A., Toivola, M., Reponen, T., Koponen, V., Husman, T., Taskinen, T., Korppi, M. and Nevalainen, A., (2003), "Effect of building frame and moisture damage on microbiological indoor air quality in school buildings", AIHA JOURNAL, 64 (1): 108-116.
Abstract:
The effect of building frame and moisture damage on microbial indoor air quality was characterized in 17 wooden and 15 concrete or brick school buildings. Technical investigations to detect visible moisture and mold damage were performed according to a standardized protocol. Viable airborne microbes were determined by using a six-stage impactor (Andersen 10-800). Mean concentrations of viable airborne fungi were significantly higher in wooden schools than in concrete schools, showing that the frame material was a determinant of concentrations of airborne fungi. Moisture damage of the building did not alter the fungal concentrations in wooden school buildings. In contrast, in concrete schools the effect of moisture damage was clearly seen as higher concentrations compared with the reference schools. Aspergillus versicolor, Stachybotrys, and Acremonium were detected only in samples from moisture damaged buildings, and can be considered marker fungi of such damage in school buildings. In addition, the presence of Oidiodendron as well as elevated concentrations of Cladosporium and actinobacteria were associated with moisture damage in concrete schools.
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Author Information and Other Publications Notes
Meklin, T.
  1. An approach to management of critical indoor air problems in school buildings
  2. Fungi and actinobacteria in moisture-damaged building materials - concentrations and diversity
  3. Indoor air microbes and respiratory symptoms of children in moisture damaged and reference schools
  4. Microbial exposure and health in schools - effects of moisture damage and renovation
  5. Moisture damage in schools - symptoms and indoor air microbes
  6. Moisture, mold and health in apartment homes
  7. Rain penetration control - applying current knowledge (rpc-00)
  8. Size distributions of airborne microbes in moisture-damaged and reference school buildings of two construction types
  9. Skin-prick test findings in students from moisture- and mould-damaged schools: A 3-year follow-up study
  10. Temporal and spatial variation of fungal concentrations in indoor air
  11. The relationship between moisture or mould observations in houses and the state of health of their occupants  
Hyvarinen, A.
  1. An approach to management of critical indoor air problems in school buildings
  2. Comparison of concentrations and size distributions of fungal spores in buildings with and without mould problems
  3. Fungi and actinobacteria in moisture-damaged building materials - concentrations and diversity
  4. Size distributions of airborne microbes in moisture-damaged and reference school buildings of two construction types
  5. Temporal and spatial variation of fungal concentrations in indoor air  
Toivola, M.
  1. An approach to management of critical indoor air problems in school buildings
  2. Induction of Cytotoxicity and Production of Inflammatory Mediators in RAW264.7 Macrophages by Spores Grown on Six Different Plasterboards
  3. Isolation and identification of Aspergillus fumigatus mycotoxins on growth medium and some building materials
  4. Personal exposures and microenvironmental concentrations of particles and bioaerosols  
Reponen, T.
  1. Aerodynamic diameters and respiratory deposition estimates of viable fungal particles in mold problem dwellings
  2. Aerodynamic versus physical size of spores: measurement and implication for respiratory deposition
  3. Aerosol characteristics of airborne actinomycetes and fungi
  4. Bioaerosol collection by a new electrostatic precipitator
  5. Characteristics of airborne actinomycete spores
  6. Collection of airborne microorganisms by a new electrostatic precipitator
  7. Collection of airborne spores by circular single-stage impactors with small jet-to-plate distance
  8. Collection of bioaerosol particles by impaction: effect of fungal spore agglomeration and bounce
  9. Collection of fungal spores on air filters and spore reentrainment from filters into air
  10. Comparison of concentrations and size distributions of fungal spores in buildings with and without mould problems
  11. Control of exposure to airborne viable microorganisms during remediation of moldy buildings; report of three case studies
  12. Development and evaluation of aerosol generators for biological materials
  13. Effect of indoor sources on fungal spore concentrations and size distributions
  14. Effect of relative humidity on the aerodynamic diameter and respiratory deposition of fungal spores
  15. Evaluation of a new personal sampler for enumerating airborne spores
  16. Everyday activities and variation of fungal spore concentrations in indoor air
  17. Field Testing of New Aerosol Sampling Method With a Porous Curved Surface as Inlet
  18. Fungal fragments as indoor air biocontaminants
  19. Fungal spore source strength tester: laboratory evaluation of a new concept
  20. Long-term sampling of airbome bacteria and fungi into a non-evaporating liquid
  21. Performance of Air-O-Cell, Burkard, and Button samplers for total enumeration of airborne spores
  22. Personal exposures and microenvironmental concentrations of particles and bioaerosols
  23. Release of Streptomyces albus propagules from contaminated surfaces
  24. Size distributions of airborne microbes in moisture-damaged and reference school buildings of two construction types
  25. Techniques for dispersion of microorganisms into air
  26. Total and culturable airborne bacteria and fungi in arid region flood-damaged residences
  27. Viable fungal spores as indoor aerosols  
Koponen, V.
  1. Size distributions of airborne microbes in moisture-damaged and reference school buildings of two construction types  
Husman, T.
National Public Health Institute, Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Kuopio, Finland.
  1. An approach to management of critical indoor air problems in school buildings
  2. Analysis of moisture findings in the interior spaces of Finnish housing stock
  3. Characteristics of moisture damage in houses and their association with self-reported symptoms of the occupants
  4. Comparison of two-level and three-level classifications of moisture-damaged dwellings in relation to health effects
  5. Control of exposure to airborne viable microorganisms during remediation of moldy buildings; report of three case studies
  6. Health effects of indoor-air microorganisms
  7. Indoor air microbes and respiratory symptoms of children in moisture damaged and reference schools
  8. Knowledge-based and statistically modeled relationships between residential moisture damage and occupant reported health symptoms
  9. Moisture damage in schools - symptoms and indoor air microbes
  10. Moisture, mold and health in apartment homes
  11. Size distributions of airborne microbes in moisture-damaged and reference school buildings of two construction types
  12. The relationship between moisture or mould observations in houses and the state of health of their occupants  
Taskinen, T.
  1. Skin-prick test findings in students from moisture- and mould-damaged schools: A 3-year follow-up study  
Korppi, M.
  1. Skin-prick test findings in students from moisture- and mould-damaged schools: A 3-year follow-up study  
Nevalainen, A.
Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, National Public Health Institute, Kuopio, Finland, and Department of Health Evaluation Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
  1. An approach to management of critical indoor air problems in school buildings
  2. Analysis of moisture findings in the interior spaces of Finnish housing stock
  3. Comparison of concentrations and size distributions of fungal spores in buildings with and without mould problems
  4. Comparison of two-level and three-level classifications of moisture-damaged dwellings in relation to health effects
  5. Control of exposure to airborne viable microorganisms during remediation of moldy buildings; report of three case studies
  6. Effect of growth medium on potential of Streptomyces anulatus spores to induce inflammatory responses and cytotoxicity in RAW264.7 macrophages
  7. Effect of indoor sources on fungal spore concentrations and size distributions
  8. Effect of liner and core materials of plasterboard on microbial growth, spore-induced inflammatory responses, and cytotoxicity in macrophages
  9. Everyday activities and variation of fungal spore concentrations in indoor air
  10. Fungal spores as such do not cause nasal inflammation in mold exposure
  11. Fungi and actinobacteria in moisture-damaged building materials - concentrations and diversity
  12. Indoor air microbes and respiratory symptoms of children in moisture damaged and reference schools
  13. Induction of Cytotoxicity and Production of Inflammatory Mediators in RAW264.7 Macrophages by Spores Grown on Six Different Plasterboards
  14. Inlet sampling efficiency of bioaerosol samplers
  15. Knowledge-based and statistically modeled relationships between residential moisture damage and occupant reported health symptoms
  16. Microbes and moisture content of materials from damaged building
  17. Moisture, mold and health in apartment homes
  18. Performance of bioaerosol samplers: collection characteristics and sampler design considerations
  19. Personal exposures and microenvironmental concentrations of particles and bioaerosols
  20. Size distributions of airborne microbes in moisture-damaged and reference school buildings of two construction types
  21. Skin-prick test findings in students from moisture- and mould-damaged schools: A 3-year follow-up study
  22. Temporal and spatial variation of fungal concentrations in indoor air
  23. The relationship between moisture or mould observations in houses and the state of health of their occupants
  24. Validity of detection of microbial growth in buildings by trained dogs  


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