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Reference list for structural analysis of wood-framed wallReferences (180+) by: Yancey, C.W., Cheok, G.S., Sadek, F., and Mohraz, B., 1998 "A summary of the structural performance of single-family, wood-frame housing", NISTIR 6224, NIST.
- American Forest & Paper Association (1995), "'Wood Frame Construction Manualfor One- and Two-Family Dwellings - SBC High Wind Ediftot; Amencan Forest & Paper Association, Washington, DC.
- Anderson, L. 0. and Liska, J. A- (1964), "Wood Structure Performance in an Earthquake: In Anchorage, Alaska March 27, 1964~" FPL 16, U. S. Forest Service Research Paper, Madison, WI, August
- Applied Technology Council (1995), "Cyclic Testing, of Narrow Plywood Shear Walls," A X-R1, Applied Technology Council, Redwood, CA., 64 pp.
- ASTM. (1995), "Standard Method of Static Load Test for Shear Resistance of Framed Walls for Buildings," ASTM E564-76, Annual Book of Standards Vol. 4.11, ASTM, West Conshohocken, PA.
- ASTM. (1995), "Standard Test Methods for Mechanical Fasteners in Wood," ASTM DI 761-88, Annual Book ofStandards Vol. 4. 10, ASTK West Conshohocken, PA.
- ASTM. (1995), "Standard Methods of Conducting Strengffi Tests of Panels for Building Construction,- ASTM E72-54, Annual Book of Standards Vol. 4.11, ASTM, West Conshohocken, PA.
- Australian Standard (198 1), "Wind Forces," AS 1170, Part 2, Standards Association of Australia.
- Bathe, K. J., Wilson, E. L., and Iding, R. H. (1974), 'NONSAP-A Structural Analysis Program for Static and Dynamic Response of Nonlinear Systems," Structural Engineering Laboratory, Report No. UC-SESM 73-3, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Califoni* Berkeley.
- Benuska, L., Ed. (1990), "Loma Prieta. Earthquake Reconnaissance Report~'Eqrthqyake Spectra, The Professional Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute,' Supplement to Volume 6, May'. 448 pp.
- Boughton, G. N. (1982), "Simulated Wind Tests on a House: Part 2 Results," Cyclone Testing Station Technical Report No. 14, James Cook University of North Queensland, Townsville, Australia.
- Boughton, G. N. and Reardon, G. F. (1992), "Simulated Wind Tests on a House: Part 1Description," Cyclone Yesting Station Technical Report No. 12, James Cook University ofNorth Queensland, Townsville, Australia.
- Boughton, G. N. and Reardon, G. F. (1984), '~Simuhded Wind Teston the Tongan Hurricane House," Technical Report No. 23, Cyclone Testing Station, James Cook Universit of North Queensland, Townsville, Australia.
- Building and Zoning Department, Metropolitan Dade County (1988), "South F?orida Building Code, " MiamL Florida.
- Bureau of Census (1993), "Current Housing Reports," Series H-150193, American Housing Survey, U. S. Department of Commerce, Washington, D. C.
- Bureau of Census (1998), "Current Construction Reports - Value of Construction Put in Place: April 1998," C30198-4, Economics and Sutistics Administration, U. S. Department of Commerce, Washington, D. C, June.
- Chou, C. and Polensek, A. (1987), "Damping and Stiffiess of Nailed Joints Response to
- Drying," Wood and Fiber Science, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 45-58.
- Cook R. L. (1991), "Lessons Learned by a Roof Consultant," Hurricane Hugo One Year Later,Proceedings of a Symposium and Public Foram held in Charleston, September 13-15, 1990, South Carolina, Sill, B. L. and Sparks, R. P. (Eds.), Americ-an Society of Civil Engineers, New York, pp. 144-152.
- Corbeen, K E. (1996), "Performance Based Desip of Wood Structures," Procee&ngs~ 65th Annual Convention, Structural Engineers Association of California, October 1-6, 1996, Maui, Hawaii, pp. 227-239.
- Cramer, S. M., and Wolfe, R. W. (1989), "Load Distribution Model for Light-Frame Wood Roof Assemblies," Journal ofStructural Engineering, Vol. 115, No. 10, American Society of Civil Engineers, NY, October, pp. 2603-2,616.
- Creighton, J. P. (1997), "Finite Element Analysis of Manufactured Homes Under Lateral Loading," M.S. Thesis Submitted to Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.
- Carry, B. L. (1991), "Structural Engineering Lessons Learned from Hurricane Hugo," Hurricane Hugo One Year Later, Proceedings of a Symposium and Public Foram held in Charleston, September 13-15, 1990, South Carolina, Sill, B. L. and Sparks, R. P. (Eds.), Americ-an Society of Civil Engineers, New York, pp. 139-143.
- Dickmann, E. F. (1994), "Design and Code Issues in the Designof Diaphragms and Shearwalls," Proceedings of a Research Needs Workshop Analysis, Desigi% and Testing of Timber Structures Under Seismic Loads, University of California, Forest Products Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, September 9, 1994, Foliente, G. C. (Ed.), pp. 9-20.
- Dikkers, R. D., Marshall, R. D., and Thom, H. C. S. (1971), "Hurricane Camille - August 1969," NBS Technical Note 569, National B-ureau of Standards, Washington, D. C., March, 67 pp.
- Dinehart, D.W. and Shenton III, H.W. (1998a), "Comparison of the Response of Timber Shear Walls with and without Passive Dampers," Paper No. T207-5, Proceedings ofthe World Structures Congress, July 18-23, San Francisco, Elsevier Science Ltd., July.
- Dinchart, D.W. and Shenton III, H.W. (1998b), "Comparison of the Static and Dynamic Response of Timber Shear Was," ASCE Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. 124, No. 6, American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, June, pp. 686-695.
- Dolan, J. D. (1989), "The Dynamic Response of Timber Shear Walls,"' Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 318 pp.
- Dolan, J. D. and Johnson, A. C. (1997a), "Cyclic Tests of Long Shear Walls with Openings," Report No. TE-1996-002, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Brooks Forest Products Research Center, Blacksburg, VA., 37 pp.
- Dolan, J. D., and Johnson, A. C. (1997b), "Monotonic Tests of Long Shear Walls with Openings," Report No. TE-1996-001, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Brooks Forest Products Research Center, Blacksburg, VA-, 16 pp.
- Dolan, J. D., and Madsen, B. (1992a), "Monotonic and Cyclic Tests of Timber Shear Walls," Canadian Journal ofCivil Engineering, Vol. 19, No. 1, February, pp. 415-422.
- Dolan, J. D., and Madsen, B. (1992b), "Monotonic and Cyclic Nail Connection Tests," Canadian Journal ofCtvil Engineering, Vol. 19, No. 1, February, pp. 97-104.
- Easley, J. T., Foomani, M., and Dodds, R. H. (1982), 'Tormulas for Wood Shear Walls," Journal ofStructural Division, Vol. 108, No. 11, American Society of Civil Engineers, NY, November, pp. 2460-2478.
- Falk, R. H. and Itan~ I- Y. (1989), "Finite Element Modeling of Wood Diaphragms,," Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. 115, No. 3, American Society of Civil Engineers, NY, March, pp. 543-559.
- FEMA see Federal Emergency Management Agency.
- Federal Emergency Management Agency (1992), "Building Performance: Hurricane Andrew in Florida. Observations, Recommendations and Technical Guidance," FL4-22, FEMA Federal Insurance Administration, Washington, D. C., December.
- Federal Emergency Management Agency (1993), "Building Performance: Hurricane Iniki in Hawaii. Observations, Recommendations and Technical Guidance," FL4-23, FEMA Federal Insurance Administration, Washington, D. C., January.
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- Federal Emergency Management Agency (1996), "Performance Based Seismic Design of Buildings," FEMI 283, Washington, D. C., July, 99 pp.
- Federal Emergency Management Agency (1997), "NEHRP Guidelines for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings," FEAM-273, Washington, D. C., October.
- Feden-d Housing Administration (1966), -FHA Minimum Property Standards for One and Two Living Units,7 FHA No. 300, Washington, DC.
- Filiatrault, A- (1990), "Static and Dynamic Analysis of Timber Shear Walls,- Cana&an Journal ofQvil Engineering, Vol. 17, pp. 643 -65 1.
- Foliente, 0. C. (1994), "'Modeling and Analysis of Timber Structures Under Seismic Loads," Proceedings of a Research Needs Workshop: Analysis, Design and Testing of 7-Imber SYructures Under Seismic Loads, University of Calffornia, Forest Products Laboratory, Berkeley, September 9, Foliente, G. C. (Ed.), University of California, Forest Products Laboratory, Berkeley, pp. 87-109.
- Fol'ente, G- C- (1995), "Earthquake Performance of Light-frame Wood and Wood-based Buildings: State-of-the-art and Research Needs," Proceedings, Pacific Conference on E,arthquake-Engineering, Melbourne, Australia, 20-22 November, 1995, Vol. 2, 1995, Australian Earthquake Engineering Society, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, pp. 333-342.
- Foliente, G. C. (1997), "Timber Structures in Seisrrric Regions - General Overview and Research Needs," Earthquake Performance and segrely of Timber Structures, Foliente, G. C. (Ed.), Forest Products Society, Madison, WI (in press).
- Foschi, R. 0. (1974), -Load-Slip Characteristics of Nails,," Wood Science, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 6976.
- Foschi, R. 0. (1977), "Analysis of Wood Diaphragms and Trusses: Part L Diaphragms," Canadian Journal ofCtvil Engineering, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 345-352.
- Foschi, R. 0. (1982a), "Performance Evaluation of Shear Walls and Diaphragms with Waferboard Sheathing:' Report to the Canadian Waferboard Association By Forintek Canada
- Foschi, R. 0. (1982b), "Structural Analysis of Wood Floor Systems," Journal of Structural Divisim; Vol. 108, No. ST7, American Society of Civil Engineers, NY, July, pp. 15571574.
- Ge, Y. Z. (1991), -Response of Wood-Frame Houses to Lateral Loads," M.S. Thesis submitted . to University of Missouri, Columbia, Missoun
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- wG-e-.-V Y-Z, Gopalamtnum, V.S., and Liu, H. (1991), "Effects of Openings on the Stiffness of Wood-Frame Walls," Forest Products Journal, Vol. 4 1, No. 1, Forest Products Research Society, Madison, WI, pp. 65-70.
- Goodman, J. R-, Schmidt, R. J., Criswell, M. E., and Stewart, A. H. (1996), "Laterally Loaded Manufactured Homes," Proceedings of the International Wood Engineering Conference, New Orleans, Louisiana, Vol. 4, October, pp. 589-595.
- Groom, K. M. (1992), "Nonlinear Finite-Element Modeling of Intercomponent Connections in Light-Frame Wood Structures," M.S. Thesis submitted to Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 167 p.
- Groon-4 K M. and Leichti, R. J. (1991), "Finite-Element Model of a Nonlinear intercomponent connection in Light-Framed Structures," Proceedings of the 1991 International Timber Engineering Conference, London, England, September, Vol. 4, pp. 4.346-4.353.
- Groom, K M. and Leichti, R. J. (1994), "Transforming a Comer of a Light-Frame Wood Structure to a Set of Nonlinear Springs, Wood and Fiber Science, Vol. 26, No. 1, Society of Wood Science and Technology, pp. 28-35
- Gupta, A. J. (Ed.) (1981), "Seismic Per
- fiormance of Low-Rise Buildings: State-of-the-Art and Research Needs, " Workshop May 13-14, 1980, American Society of Civil Engineers, 209 pp.
- Gupta, A- K. and Kuo, G. P. (1985), "Behavior of Wood-framed Shear Walls," Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. I 11, No. 8, American Society of Civil Engineers, NY, August, pp. 1722-1733.
- Gupta, A. K. and Kuo, G. P. (1987,a), "Wood-framed Shear Walls with Uplifting," Journal of Structural DWineering, Vol. 113, No. 2, American Society of Civil Engineers, NY, February, pp. 241-259.
- Gupta, A. K. and Kuo, G. P. (1987b), "Modeling of a Wood-Framed House," Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. 113, No. 2, American Society of Civil Engineers, NY, February, pp. 260-278.
- Gutkowsid, R_ M. and Castillo, A. L. (1988),, "Single- and Double-Sheathed Wood Shear Wall Study," Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. 114, No. 6, American Society of Civil Engineers, NY, June, pp. 1268-1284.
- Gutshall, S. J. (1994), "Monotonic and Cyclic Short-Term Performance of Nailed and BoltedTimber Connections" M. S. Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA.
- Holmes, W. T. and Somers, P., Eds. (1996), "Northridge Earthquake Reconnaissance Report Vol. 2,il' Earthquake Spectra, The Professional Jounial of the Eartlxpake Engineering R.esearch Institute, Supplement C to Volume 11, January, pp. 125-176.
- HUD see U. S. Department of Housing and Urban Development.
- Institute for Business and Home Safety (1BHS, 1997~ "Is Your Home Protectedfrom Hwricane Disaster: A Homeowner -'s Guide to B!urricane Retrofit, " Boston, MA, 25 pp.
- International Conference of Building Officials (I 997a), Uniform Building Code, Vol. 2 Whittier, CA, 442 pp.
- International Conference of Building Officials (1997b), Uniform Code for Conservation, Whittier, CA, 232 pp.
- Issa, R. R. A., Issa, C. A., Shankar, A., and Gencorelli, P. (1994), "Effectiveness of Storm Shutters in Hurricane Damage Prevention:' Hurricanes of 1992: Lessons Learned and Implications for the Future, Proceedings of a Symposium organized by the American Society of Civil Engineers, December 1-3, 1993, Hyatt Regency Miami City Center at Riverwalk, Cook, R. A. and Soltani, M. (Eds.), pp. 486495.
- Itani, R. Y. and Cheung, C. K_ (1983), 'Dynamic Response of Wood Diaphragms in Low-Rise Wood-Framed Buildirtgas," Fmal Report, Part 1, NSF Grant No CEE-8114530, Wasbington State University, Pullman, Washington.
- Itani, R. Y. and Cheung, C. K_ (1984), "Nonlinear Analysis of Sheathed Wood Diaphragms," Journal ofStructural Engineering, Vol. 110, No. 9, American Society of Civil Engineers, NY, September, pp. 2137-2147.
- Itani, R. Y. and Robledo, F. M. (1984), -Finite Element Modeling of Light-Frame Wood Walls," Civil Engineering for Practicing and Design Engineers, Vol. 3, No. 10, October, pp. 1029-1045.
- Itani, R. Y., Tuou-ii, R. L., and McCutcheon, W. J. (1982), "Methodology to Evaluate Racking Resistance of Nailed Walls,"' Forest Products Journal, Vol. 32, No. 1, Forest Products Research Society, January, pp. 30-36.
- Jablin, M. (1995), "Finite Element Modeling of Manufactured Homes Using Interface Elements," M.S. Thesis Submitted to University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming.
- Jablin, M. and Schmidt, R. J. (1996), -Finite Element Modeling of Manufitctured Homes, " Proceedings of the International Wood Engweering Conference, New Orleans, Louisiana, Vol. 3, October~ pp. 170-177.
- Jenkins, J. L., Polensek, A., and Bastendorf, K M. (1979), "Stiffness of Nailed Wood Joints Under Short and Long Term Lateral Loads," Wood Science, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 145-154.
- Jephcott, D. L. and Messinger, D. L. (199 1), "Experience Data From Past Earthquakes of LowRise Wood Frame Buildings in the United States," Full-scale Behavior of Wood-firamed Buildings in Earthquakes and High Winds, Proceedings of the Workshop Held at Building Research Establishment, Watford, United Kingdom, Gupta, A. K. and Moss, P. J. (Eds.) North Carolina State University, Raleigh, pp. XX-l to XX40
- Johnson, J. W. (1971), "'Lateral Test of a 20- by 60-Foot Roof Section Sheathed with.Plywood Overlaid on Decking;" Report T-29, School of Forestry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon.
- Kasal, B. (1992), "A Nonlinear Three-Dimensional Finite-Element Model of a Light-Frame Wood Structure," Ph.D. Dissertation Submitted to Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 316 pp.
- Kasal, B. and Leichti, R. J. (1992a), "Nonlinear Finite-Element Model for Light-Frame Stud Walls," Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. 118, No. 11, American Society of Civil Engineers, NY, November, pp. 3122-3135.
- Kasal, B. and Leichti, R. J. (1 992b), -1:ncorporating Load Sharing in Shear Wall Design of Light Frame Structures" Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. 118, No. 12, American Society of Civil Engineers, NY, December, pp. 3350-3361.
- Kasal, B., Leichti, R. J., and Itani, R. Y. (1994), "Nonlinear Finite-Element Model of Complete Light-Frame Wood Structures," Journal of Swructzral Engineering, Vol. 120, No. 1, American Society of Civil Engineers, NY, January, pp. 100- 119.
- Keith, E. L. (1994), "Performance of Plywood and OSB Sheathing During Hurricanes Andrew and Inild," Hurricanes of 1992. Lessons Learned and Implications for the Future, Proceedings of a Symposium organized by the American Society of Civil Engineers, December 1-3, 1993, Hyatt Regency Miami City Center at Riverwalk, Cook, R. A. and Soltani, M. (Eds.), pp. 313-329.
- Khan, M. S. and Suaris, W. (1994), "Design and Construction Deficiencies and Building Code Adherence," Hurricanes of 1992: Lessons Learned and Implications for the Future, Proceedings of a Symposium organized by the American Society of Civil Engineers, December 1-3, 1993, Hyatt Regency Miami City Center at Riverwalk, Cook, R. A. and Soltani, M. (Eds.), pp. 133-146.
- Kicinski, S. T. (1995), "hriproving the Seismic Performances of Homes, " Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Seismic Zonation, October 17-19, 1995, Nice, France, Ouest Editions, Nantes, France, Vol. 1, pp. 414-420.
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- Kohnke, P. C. (1989), ANSYS Engineering Analysis System Theoretical Manual, Swanson
- Analysis Systems, Inc., Houghton, PA.
- Kuo, G. P. and Gupta, A. K- (1989), "A Three-Dimensional macro-Element model fbr Wood
- Framed buildings," Final Report, NSF Grant No. CE-8211199, North CaTolina State University, Raleigh, NoTth Carolina.
- Lafave, K D. (1990), 'Txperimental and Analytical Study of Load sharing in Wood Truss Roof
- Systems,- M.S. Thesis Submitted to Washington State Univenity, Pullman, Washington, 120 p.
- Lafave, K. D. and Itani, R. Y. (1992), "Comprehensive Load Distribution Model for Wood Truss
- Roof Assemblies," Wood and Fiber Science, Vol. 24, No. 1, Society of Wood Science and Technology, pp. 79-88.
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- Large Sheathing Pauels:'Jow7W ofStructural Engineering, Vol. 1.23, No. 12, American Society of Civil Engineers, December, pp. 1666-1673.
- Lew, H. S. (Ed.) (1990), "Performance of Structures During the Loma Prieta Earthquake of
- October 17, 1989," NIST Special Publication 778, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, January.
- Lew, H. S., Leyendecker, E. V., and Dikkers, R. D., (1971), "Engineering Aspects of the 1971
- San Fernando Earthquake," BuilOng Science Series 40, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D. C., December, 419 pp.
- Liska, J. A. and Bohannan, B. (1973), 'Terformance of Wood Construction in Disaster Areas,"
- Journal of the Structural Dmsjon, Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 99, No. ST12, December, pp. 2345-2354.
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- Mack, J. J. (1966), "'The Strength and Stiffhess of Nailed Joints Under Short-Duration Loading,"
- Division ofForest Products Paper No. 40, CSTRO, Melbourne, Australia-
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- Year Later, Proceedings of a Symposium and Public Forum held in Charleston, September 13-15, 1990, South Carolina, Sill, B. L. and Sparks, R. P. (Eds.), American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, pp. 186-194.
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- San Fernando Earthquake of Februwy 9, 1971, " prepared for the U. S. Departmentof
- 152
- Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and supported by the U. S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Washington, D. C., May.
- McCutcheon, W. I (1985), "Racking Deformations in Wood Shear Walls," Journal ofStructural Eneneering, Vol. I 11, No. 2, American Society of Civil Engineers, NY, February, pp. 257-269.
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- Naik, T. I;L, Kaliszky, S., and Soltis, L. A. (1984), "Mechanical Nonlinear Shear Wall Model," Journal of Engineering Mechanics, Vol. 110, No. 12, American Society of Civil Engineers, NY, December, pp. 1773-1778.
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- National Association of Home Builders Research Center (1994), "Assessment of Damage to Residential Buildings Caused by the Northridge Earthquake," HUD-1499-PDR, Prepared for the U. S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, July 30, 78 pp.
- Nelson, E. L., Wheat, D. L., and Fowler, D. W. (1985), -Structur-al Behavior of Wood Shear Wall Assernblies~- Journal of Structural E?Wneering, Vol. 111, No. 3, American Society of Civil Engineers, March, pp. 654-666.
- Ohashi, Y., and Sakamoto, 1. (1989), "Experimental Behavior of Wooden Frames with Bearing Walls Subjected to Horizontal Load," Proceedings of the Ninth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vol. IV, Tokyo-Kyoto, Japan, August 2-9, 1988, pp. 761-766.
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- Patton-Mallory, M. (1983), "Racldng Performance of Double-layer Light-fi-ame Wood Walls," M.S. Thesis presented to Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.
- Patton-Mallory, M., Gutkows1d R. M., and Soltis, L. A. (1984), "?,ac1drig Performance of Lightfimne Walls Sheathed on two sides," Research Paper FPL448, USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin, September.
- Patton-Malloxy, M., Woffe, R. W., Soltis, L. A., and Gutkowsid, M. (1985), "Light-Fraxne Shear Wall Length and Opening Effecti," Journal ofStructural Engineering, Vol. I 11, No. 10, ASCE, OctobeT; pp. 2227 - 2239.
- Phillips, T. L. (1990), "Load Sharing Characteristics of Three-Dimensional Wood Diaphragms," Magers Thesis, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Washington State University at Pullman, Washington, May, 236 pp.
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- Polensek, A. (1975), "Finite Element Analysis of Wood-Stud Walls under Bending and Compression Loads," Limited Distribution Report, Forest Research Lab., Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon.
- Polensek, A. (1976), "Finite Element Analysis of Wood-Stud Walls," Journal of the Structural Division, Vol. 102, No. ST7, American Society of Civil Engineers, NY, July, pp. 13171335.
- Polensek, A. and Bastendorf, K. M. (1987), "Damping in Nailed Joints of Light-Fraine Wood Buildings," Wood and Fiber Science, Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 110-125.
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- Polensek, A. and Schimel, B. D. (1988), "Analysis of Nonlinear Connection Systems in Wood Dwellings," Journal ofComputing in Civil EVineering; Vol. 2, No. 4, American Society of Civil Engineers, NY, October, pp. 365-379.
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- Polensek, A., and Laursen, H. 1. (1984), "Seismic Behavior of Bending Components and Inter
- Component Connections of Light Framed Wood Buildings," Final Report to the National Science Foundation (Grant CEE4104626), Department of Forest Products, Oregon State 'University, Corvallis, Olt, March, 160 pp.
- Robertson, A. (1980), Discussion of "Racking Strength of Light-Frame Nailed Walls," by R. L.
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- Rogers, S. M. (1991), "Performance of Building Resistance to Water, Waves and Erosion,"
- Hurricane Hugo One Year Later, Proceedings of a Symposium and Public Forum held in Charleston, September 13-15, 1990, South Carolina, Sill, B. L. and Sparks, R- P. (Eds.), American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, pp. 63-70.
- Russell, J. E. (I 996a), "One-Story Retrofitted Dwelling," 1994 Northridge Earthquake,
- Buildings Case Studies Project, Proposition 122: Product 3.2, Holmes, W. T., Ferrier, H. M, and Longstreth, M. (Eds.), California Seismic Safety Commission, pp. 401-413.
- Russell, J. E. (I 996b), "Two-Story Damaged Dwelling,"' 1994 Northridge Earthquake, Buildings
- Case Studies Project, Proposition 122: Product 3.2, Holmes, W. T., Ferrier, H. M, and Longstreth, M. (Eds.), California Seismic Safety Commission, pp. 385-399.
- Sanders, G. S. (1994), "Failure and Failure Mechanisms for ExterioT Walls," Hurricanes Of
- 1992. Lessons Learned and Implications for the Future, Proceedings of a Symposium organized by the American Society of Civil Engineers, December 1-3, 1993, Hyatt Regency Miami City Center at Riverwalk, Cook, R. A. and Soltani, M. (Eds.), pp. 509518.
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- SBCCI see Southern Building Code Congress International.
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- Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. 115, No. 1, American Society of Civil Engineering, NY, January, pp. 201-217.
- SEAOC (1995), "Structural Engineers Association of California, VISION 2000, Performance
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- SEAOSC (1994), "Findings and Recommendations of the Residential Buildings, " Cripple Wall
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